:root {
  --forest: #2f4a3a;
  --forest-dark: #22382b;
  --slate: #5b7a8c;
  --orange: #e08a2a;
  --orange-dark: #c67418;
  --brown: #5c4033;
  --ink: #1a1a1a;
  --muted: #5f6660;
  --paper: #f7f5f1;
  --white: #fff;
  --line: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.12);

  --container: 1200px;
  --gutter: clamp(20px, 4vw, 40px);
  --section-y: clamp(56px, 7vw, 104px);
  --gap: clamp(20px, 2.4vw, 32px);
  --radius: 16px;
  --radius-lg: 22px;
  --shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.08);
  --shadow-lg: 0 18px 50px rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.14);

  --font-ui: "Plus Jakarta Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --font-serif: "Lora", Georgia, serif;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  /* keeps anchor targets clear of the sticky header */
  scroll-padding-top: 96px;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--white);
  line-height: 1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }

a { color: inherit; }

h1, h2, h3 {
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  font-weight: 700;
}

p { margin: 0; }

ul, ol { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }

.container {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--container);
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--gutter);
}

.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px; height: 1px;
  padding: 0; margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  left: 12px;
  top: 12px;
  transform: translateY(calc(-100% - 24px));
  z-index: 100;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--white);
  padding: 12px 18px;
}
.skip-link:focus { transform: translateY(0); }

:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--orange);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

/* Buttons */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 14px 24px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform 0.15s ease, background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.btn:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); }
.btn--sm { padding: 10px 18px; font-size: 0.875rem; }
.btn--primary { background: var(--orange); color: #221503; }
.btn--primary:hover { background: var(--orange-dark); color: var(--white); }
.btn--ghost { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12); color: var(--white); border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55); }
.btn--ghost:hover { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2); }
.btn--dark { background: var(--forest); color: var(--white); }
.btn--dark:hover { background: var(--forest-dark); }

.eyebrow {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--slate);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.eyebrow--light { color: #cfe0d6; }

.link-arrow {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.925rem;
  color: var(--forest);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  align-self: flex-start;
}
.link-arrow::after { content: "→"; transition: transform 0.2s ease; }
.link-arrow:hover { border-color: var(--orange); }
.link-arrow:hover::after { transform: translateX(4px); }

/* Header */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px) saturate(1.4);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px) saturate(1.4);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.site-header.is-stuck {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}
@supports not (backdrop-filter: blur(2px)) {
  .site-header { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); }
}

.site-header__inner {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: clamp(16px, 3vw, 40px);
  padding-block: 14px;
}

.brand { flex: 0 0 auto; line-height: 0; }
.brand img { width: auto; height: 58px; }

.nav__list {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(14px, 1.8vw, 28px);
}
.nav__list a {
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  padding-block: 6px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
}
.nav__list a:hover,
.nav__list a.is-current { color: var(--forest); border-color: var(--orange); }

.header-actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; }

.lang-toggle {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  direction: ltr;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.lang-toggle__button {
  appearance: none;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--muted);
  cursor: pointer;
  font: inherit;
  padding: 7px 2px 5px;
}
.lang-toggle__button:last-child {
  font-family: "Noto Nastaliq Urdu", serif;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.lang-toggle__button:hover,
.lang-toggle__button:focus-visible {
  color: var(--forest);
}
.lang-toggle__button:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--orange);
  outline-offset: 3px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.lang-toggle__button.is-active {
  color: var(--forest-dark);
  border-color: var(--orange);
}

/* Keep the logo and controls in their familiar positions in both languages. */
.site-header { direction: ltr; }

html[dir="rtl"] body {
  font-family: "Noto Nastaliq Urdu", "Segoe UI", serif;
  line-height: 2;
}
html[dir="rtl"] .site-header__inner,
html[dir="rtl"] .header-actions {
  direction: ltr;
}
html[dir="rtl"] .nav,
html[dir="rtl"] .nav__list,
html[dir="rtl"] .nav__list a {
  direction: rtl;
}
html[dir="rtl"] .nav__list a {
  font-family: "Noto Nastaliq Urdu", serif;
  line-height: 1.8;
}
html[dir="rtl"] .hero__content,
html[dir="rtl"] .section__head,
html[dir="rtl"] .about__body,
html[dir="rtl"] .newsletter__text,
html[dir="rtl"] .card__body,
html[dir="rtl"] .panel,
html[dir="rtl"] .site-footer {
  text-align: right;
}
html[dir="rtl"] .link-arrow::after { content: "←"; }
html[dir="rtl"] .link-arrow:hover::after { transform: translateX(-4px); }
html[dir="rtl"] .ticks li { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 30px; }
html[dir="rtl"] .ticks li::before { left: auto; right: 0; }
html[dir="rtl"] input { text-align: right; }
html[dir="rtl"] .hero h1,
html[dir="rtl"] .section__title,
html[dir="rtl"] .about__body h2,
html[dir="rtl"] .newsletter h2 {
  line-height: 1.7;
}

/* Hero */
.hero {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate;
  background: linear-gradient(140deg, var(--forest-dark), var(--slate));
  color: var(--white);
  overflow: hidden;
}
.hero__media { position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: -2; }
.hero__media img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  /* the rider sits low in the right third, so crops come off the left and top */
  object-position: 82% 100%;
}
.hero::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: -1;
  /* second gradient mutes the caption text burnt into the source photo */
  background:
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(16, 26, 20, 0.3) 0%, rgba(16, 26, 20, 0) 34%, rgba(16, 26, 20, 0) 72%, rgba(16, 26, 20, 0.45) 100%),
    linear-gradient(100deg, rgba(20, 32, 25, 0.88) 0%, rgba(20, 32, 25, 0.66) 48%, rgba(20, 32, 25, 0.28) 100%);
}
.hero__inner { padding-block: clamp(64px, 10vw, 132px); }
.hero__content { max-width: 46rem; display: grid; gap: 22px; }
.hero h1 { font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 5vw, 3.6rem); }
.hero__lead {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.02rem, 1.6vw, 1.2rem);
  color: #e7eee9;
  max-width: 38rem;
}
.hero__actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 14px; }
.hero__stats {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: clamp(18px, 4vw, 48px);
  margin-top: 8px;
  padding-top: 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
}
.hero__stats li { display: grid; gap: 2px; }
.hero__stats strong { font-size: 1.6rem; letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.hero__stats span { font-size: 0.83rem; color: #c9d8ce; }

/* Chips band */
.chips-band { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--paper); }
.chips-band__inner {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
  padding-block: 16px;
}
.chips-band__label {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.chips { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; }
.chips a {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 7px 16px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.chips a:hover { border-color: var(--forest); color: var(--forest); }

/* Sections */
.section { padding-block: var(--section-y); }
.section--paper { background: var(--paper); }

.section__head {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-bottom: clamp(28px, 4vw, 48px);
}
.section__title { font-size: clamp(1.65rem, 3.2vw, 2.35rem); }
.section__sub { color: var(--muted); max-width: 30rem; }

.grid { display: grid; gap: var(--gap); }
/* min() keeps single-column phones from overflowing the container */
.grid--3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(290px, 100%), 1fr)); }
.grid--tiles { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(240px, 100%), 1fr)); }

/* Pillars */
.pillar {
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
  align-content: start;
  padding: clamp(24px, 3vw, 34px);
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}
.pillar:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow); transform: translateY(-3px); }
.pillar__icon {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 52px; height: 52px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  background: rgba(47, 74, 58, 0.09);
  color: var(--forest);
}
.pillar__icon svg { width: 26px; height: 26px; }
.pillar h3 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
.pillar p { color: var(--muted); }

/* About */
.about {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.85fr) minmax(0, 1.15fr);
  gap: clamp(28px, 5vw, 64px);
  align-items: center;
}
.about__card {
  display: grid;
  gap: 14px;
  justify-items: center;
  padding: clamp(28px, 4vw, 48px);
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}
.about__card img { width: min(300px, 100%); height: auto; }
.about__card-note {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.about__body { display: grid; gap: 18px; justify-items: start; }
.about__body h2 { font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.8vw, 2.1rem); }
.about__body p { color: #40473f; font-family: var(--font-serif); }

.ticks { display: grid; gap: 10px; }
.ticks li { position: relative; padding-left: 30px; color: #40473f; }
.ticks li::before {
  content: "✓";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  width: 20px; height: 20px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(224, 138, 42, 0.18);
  color: var(--orange-dark);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-top: 4px;
}

/* Cards */
.card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}
.card:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); transform: translateY(-4px); }
.card__media { position: relative; display: block; aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; background: var(--paper); }
.card__media img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.badge {
  position: absolute;
  left: 14px;
  bottom: 14px;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(34, 56, 43, 0.92);
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.card__body {
  display: grid;
  gap: 10px;
  align-content: start;
  padding: clamp(20px, 2.4vw, 26px);
}
.card__body h3 { font-size: 1.14rem; line-height: 1.3; }
.card__body h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.card__body h3 a:hover { color: var(--forest); }
.card__body p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.95rem; }
.card__meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--slate);
}

/* Split */
.split {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.6fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: clamp(28px, 4vw, 56px);
  align-items: start;
}
.split__main { display: grid; gap: 22px; }
.split__aside { display: grid; gap: var(--gap); }

.ranked { display: grid; gap: 14px; }
.ranked li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 104px minmax(0, 1fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  padding: 14px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
}
.ranked__num {
  width: 34px; height: 34px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--forest);
  color: var(--white);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.ranked img { width: 104px; height: 72px; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 10px; }
.ranked h3 { font-size: 1.02rem; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.ranked h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.ranked h3 a:hover { color: var(--forest); }

.panel {
  padding: clamp(22px, 2.6vw, 30px);
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  display: grid;
  gap: 14px;
  align-content: start;
}
.panel--dark { background: var(--forest); color: var(--white); border-color: transparent; }
.panel--dark p { color: #d6e3da; font-size: 0.95rem; }
.panel--dark .btn { justify-self: start; }
.panel__title { font-size: 1.08rem; }
.panel__list { display: grid; gap: 12px; }
.panel__list a {
  display: block;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  padding-bottom: 12px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.panel__list li:last-child a { padding-bottom: 0; border-bottom: 0; }
.panel__list a:hover { color: var(--forest); }

/* Tiles */
.tile {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--forest);
}
.tile img {
  width: 100%; height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}
.tile::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(18, 28, 22, 0.85) 0%, rgba(18, 28, 22, 0.15) 55%, rgba(18, 28, 22, 0.05) 100%);
}
.tile:hover img { transform: scale(1.05); }
.tile__label {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  gap: 2px;
  padding: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}
.tile__label small { font-weight: 500; font-size: 0.8rem; color: #cddcd3; }

/* Newsletter */
.newsletter { background: var(--forest); color: var(--white); }
.newsletter__inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(24px, 4vw, 56px);
  padding-block: clamp(44px, 6vw, 76px);
}
.newsletter__text { display: grid; gap: 10px; }
.newsletter h2 { font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.8vw, 2.1rem); }
.newsletter p { color: #d3e1d8; }
.newsletter__form { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; }
.newsletter__form input {
  flex: 1 1 220px;
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 14px 18px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  color: var(--white);
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.newsletter__form input::placeholder { color: #b8c9be; }

/* Footer */
.site-footer { background: var(--ink); color: #cfd3ce; padding-top: clamp(48px, 6vw, 72px); }
.footer__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.4fr) repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: clamp(28px, 4vw, 48px);
  padding-bottom: clamp(32px, 4vw, 52px);
}
.footer__brand { display: grid; gap: 16px; align-content: start; }
.footer__brand img {
  width: min(200px, 100%);
  height: auto;
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 10px;
}
.footer__brand p { font-size: 0.92rem; color: #a9aea8; max-width: 30ch; }
.footer__col h3 {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.footer__col ul { display: grid; gap: 11px; }
.footer__col a { text-decoration: none; font-size: 0.93rem; }
.footer__col a:hover { color: var(--orange); }
.footer__bottom {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px;
  padding-block: 22px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  font-size: 0.83rem;
  color: #8f948e;
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .about,
  .split,
  .newsletter__inner { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .footer__grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .footer__brand { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  :root { --section-y: clamp(48px, 9vw, 72px); }
  html { scroll-padding-top: 132px; }

  .site-header__inner { padding-block: 10px; row-gap: 0; }

  /* sections stay on screen as a swipeable strip on its own row */
  .nav {
    order: 3;
    flex: 1 1 100%;
    margin-inline: calc(var(--gutter) * -1);
    padding-inline: var(--gutter);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    overflow-x: auto;
    overscroll-behavior-x: contain;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
    scrollbar-width: none;
  }
  .nav::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
  .nav__list {
    flex-wrap: nowrap;
    gap: 20px;
    padding-block: 4px;
    width: max-content;
  }
  .nav__list a { white-space: nowrap; padding-block: 10px; font-size: 0.92rem; }

  /* narrow screens crop most of the frame away; anchor right so the rider
     survives and every pixel lost comes off the left */
  .hero__media img { object-position: 100% 78%; }

  .hero__inner { padding-block: clamp(40px, 9vw, 64px); }
  .hero__content { gap: 16px; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 6.4vw, 2.6rem); }

  .about__body,
  .split__main { justify-items: stretch; }
}

@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .brand img { height: 42px; }
  .header-actions .btn { padding: 9px 14px; font-size: 0.82rem; }

  .ranked li { grid-template-columns: auto 76px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 12px; padding: 12px; }
  .ranked img { width: 76px; height: 58px; }
  .ranked__num { width: 28px; height: 28px; font-size: 0.8rem; }
  .ranked h3 { font-size: 0.98rem; }

  .hero__stats { gap: 18px 28px; padding-top: 20px; }
  .hero__stats strong { font-size: 1.35rem; }
  .hero__actions .btn { flex: 1 1 auto; }

  .section__head { align-items: flex-start; }
  .tile { aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; }
  .footer__bottom { justify-content: flex-start; }
}

@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .ranked li { grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .ranked img { display: none; }
  .footer__grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .newsletter__form .btn { width: 100%; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  * { transition: none !important; animation: none !important; }
}